• Security & Safety: Farmers and their families must be protected from violence. Their farms must be safeguarded from destruction

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• Access to Land: Fields and infrastructure need to remain intact and accessible. Landmines, unexploded ordnance, damaged roads and bridges can render agricultural land inaccessible and unusable

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• Access to Labour: Farmers need enough workers to plant, tend, and harvest crops. Wars often cause labour shortages as people are displaced or conscripted into military service

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• Seeds & Inputs: Access to quality seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, and other agricultural inputs is crucial. War can disrupt supply chains, making it difficult to obtain these, and other essential materials

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• Irrigation & Drainage: Reliable water sources, irrigation and drainage systems must be maintained. War can damage infrastructure, making it challenging to secure adequate water for crops

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• Machinery & Fuel: Farmers need functioning machinery and fuel to operate equipment. Shortages or destruction of machinery and fuel supplies can severely limit production

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• Market Access: Farmers must be able to sell their grain. War can disrupt transportation networks and markets, making it hard to move produce to buyers

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• Financial Support: Access to credit and financial services helps farmers invest in their crops and sustain operations during difficult times

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• Knowledge & Training: Farmers need access to information and training on best practices and innovations that can help them adapt to war conditions and maintain productivity

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• Community & Government Support: Support from local communities and government initiatives can provide necessary resources, policies, and aid to sustain farming activities during wartime